Sergei Winogradsky succeeds in isolating nitrifying bacteria from soil. During the period 1890-1891, Winogradsky performs the definitive work on the organisms responsible for the process of nitrification in nature.
Winogradsky, S. 1890. Recherches sur les Organismes de la Nitrification.
Computer Rendu Vol 110: 1013-1016 In Milestones in Microbiology: 1556 to 1940, translated and edited by Thomas D. Brock, ASM Press. 1998, p231 [pdf]